What function allows an individual to arrange or modify separate elements within a graphical image?

The function that allows an individual to arrange or modify separate elements within a graphical image is layers. Layers enable creators to work on individual components of a design independently, without affecting other elements. This is particularly useful in complex images where different items, such as text, shapes, or photographs, can be manipulated in isolation. For example, one can hide, lock, or change the opacity of a layer to focus on particular parts of the image while editing.

Using layers also allows for non-destructive editing since changes made to one layer do not permanently affect the entire image. This flexibility is crucial in professional graphic design and photo editing, where iterative development and experimentation are often needed to achieve the desired outcome.

The other options do not provide the same level of control and flexibility when it comes to individual image elements. Grouping helps combine several elements into a single unit but does not allow for as many modifications. Masking involves controlling the visibility of certain areas of an image rather than organizing or editing elements separately. Flattening, on the other hand, merges all layers down into a single layer, thereby losing the ability to edit them independently.